Basically they work initially by blocking light. The display contains TN liquid crystals that are in between two perpendicular panes of glass that have been polarized. When light shines through this crystal matrix from one end out the other the intensity of the light is controlled and managed by the display. Displays with higher lcd tv ratings will manage this intensity more effectively. The variable voltage of the electrical charge that passes through will untwist the liquid crystals to vary the intensity of light in order for that light to pass through the second polarized pane. The display will then be able to go back and forth when the liquid crystals are fully twisted - more light passing through, and when the liquid crystals are fully untwisted - less light passing through. Higher lcd tv ratings will have a greater dark to light ratio.
The size of the display is difficult to manufacture in regards that more pixels and transistors must be added. The probability of a bad transistor being added to the display increases. It is not uncommon for manufactures to reject approximately 40 percent of lcd tvs that are produced. Advances in the manufacturing process has lead to more affordable large displays.
The display can control the full spectrum of light to create the proper color. All the colors in the spectrum is achieved by dividing each pixel into three sub-pixels of red, green and blue that work together to calculate the pixel's overall hue. Each sub-pixel can range over 256 shades of intensity. When you multiply 256 shades for each sub-pixel together (red, blue and green) you can achieve a palette of 16,8 million colors. Displays with higher lcd tv ratings will have lower amount of bad pixels which is caused if there is a problem with one of the transistors. The higher the resolution of the display the higher the amount of transistors the display contains since you are combining the 3 sub-pixels with the resolution.
Pixels: they are used to display the image and the process of addressing when the pixels are turned on and off in order to create the image on the display pane in front of you. The active-matrix inside LCD TV displays use TFTs, transistors and capacitors arranged in a matrix on a glass substrate which send electric signals down columns to the destination pixel. This will force the crystals to untwist and control the amount of light that passes through from the bulb in the back of the display panel.
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